IIT Delhi engineer built India’s sonar in 1971: How his MIMO changed 4G, 5G
Indian engineer and scientist Arogyaswami Paulraj’s journey from developing indigenous sonar for the Indian Navy to pioneering MIMO technology illustrates the far-reaching impact of research.
His APSOH sonar project strengthened India’s underwater detection capabilities, while his later work at Stanford transformed wireless communication.
MIMO became a foundation of high-speed connectivity used in 4G, 5G and Wi-Fi.
Paulraj’s career highlights how persistence, fundamental research and unexpected discoveries can produce technologies that reshape everyday life.
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